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Paris rugosa(Melanthiaceae) only grows in Yunnan province of China at present, and its chemical constituents have not been systematically studied. In this study, nine compounds, including one new compound pariposide G(1) and eight known compounds of cerin(2), stigmast-4-en-3-one(3), β-ecdysone(4), ophiopogonin C'(5), methyl protogracillin(6), gracillin(7), parissaponin H(8), and parisyunnanoside G(9), were isolated and identified from the ethanol extract of P. rugosa rhizomes by column chromatography methods and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). Compounds 1-9 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of all the compounds were evaluated. The results showed that ophiopogonin C' had strong inhibitory effects on Candida albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.68±0.01) μmol·L~(-1)] and the fluconazole-resistant strain of C. albicans [MIC_(90)=(4.66±0.02) μmol·L~(-1)].
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Anti-Bacterial Agents , Candida albicans , China , Liliaceae , Melanthiaceae , RhizomeABSTRACT
Pueraria thomsonii has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine. Isoflavonoids are the principle pharmacologically active components, which are primarily observed as glycosyl-conjugates and accumulate in P. thomsonii roots. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the glycosylation processes in (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis have not been thoroughly elucidated. In the current study, an O-glucosyltransferase (PtUGT8) was identified in the medicinal plant P. thomsonii from RNA-seq database. Biochemical assays of the recombinant PtUGT8 showed that it was able to glycosylate chalcone (isoliquiritigenin) at the 4-OH position and glycosylate isoflavones (daidzein, formononetin, and genistein) at the 7-OH or 4'-OH position, exhibiting no enzyme activity to flavonones (liquiritigenin and narigenin) in vitro. The identification of PtUGT8 may provide a useful enzyme catalyst for efficient biotransformation of isoflavones and other natural products for food or pharmacological applications.
Subject(s)
Cloning, Molecular , Genistein , Glucosyltransferases/metabolism , Isoflavones/pharmacology , Pueraria/chemistryABSTRACT
Bile acids (BAs) are a major component of bile salt, which plays a vital role in the metabolism of lipids in humans. Ninety-five percent of bile acids are recycled by the enterohepatic circulation (EHC), and therefore EHC is essential for bile acid homeostasis. There are four transporters that mediate the transmembrane transport of bile acids, each of which plays an important role in the enterohepatic circulation. Gene defects in bile acid transporters can lead to disorders of the enterohepatic circulation, ultimately leading to clinical phenotypes such as metabolic diseases and even death. Bile transporter expression is altered in patients with various metabolic disease states, suggesting that disruption of bile acid transporters may be a pivotal pathological mechanism for the development of metabolism diseases. Thus, many drugs targeting bile acid transporters are being developed. We provide a concise overview of the progress of bile acid transporters research, discuss the relationship between different bile acid transporters and disease development, and summarize the current progress in drug development targeting bile acid transporters.
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Objective:To analyze the associated symptoms of progressive symmetrical erythema keratosis (PSEK) and the related literature was reviewed.Methods:Two Mongolian PSEK families in the dermatology department of the People′s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2016 to 2017 were collected, and 40 complete PSEK families and 156 sporadic cases at home and abroad published since 1980 to 2020 were searched by using the database to analyze the concomitant symptoms of PSEK.Results:A total of 40 complete PSEK families were included, including 714 cases. The incidence of PSEK was 57.38% in foreign countries and 37.42% in China; The most common concomitant symptoms abroad were palmoplantar keratosis (PPK), followed by nail changes, neurological symptoms, dysplasia, combined with variable erythema keratosis (EKV), and the concomitant symptoms were more serious; The most common concomitant symptoms in China were nail changes, followed by PPK, damp hyperhidrosis, pruritus, pain and some skin diseases, and the concurrent symptoms were mild.Conclusions:PSEK has many associated symptoms and the molecular genetic mechanism is still unclear. It is necessary to conduct a more comprehensive and in-depth study and understanding of the disease through the development of sequencing technology and the expansion of clinical cases.
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Here we report a case of heterotopic cornual pregnancy after fertilization who was diagnosed at 6 weeks after frozen embryos transfer. The heterotopic pregnancy was successfully terminated by transvaginal ultrasound-guided selective fetal reduction. At 38+1 weeks, she underwent a cesarean section and delivered a healthy 3300 g male infant with Apgar score of 10-10' evaluated at 1 min and 5 min.
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OBJECTIVE@#To systematically review the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children.@*METHODS@#RevMan5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy in preventing atopic dermatitis in children published between January 2008 and May 2018 across the world. A subgroup analysis was conducted according to the type of probiotics for intervention, follow-up time, time of probiotic supplementation, and study areas.@*RESULTS@#A total of 22 articles were selected, with 3 280 cases in the intervention group and 3 281 cases in the control group. The results of pooled effect size showed that probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and/or infancy significantly reduced the incidence rate of atopic dermatitis (RR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.93, P2 years (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.90, P<0.05); probiotic supplementation had a significant effect in Australia (RR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.73-0.96, P<0.05) and Europe/the United States (RR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.61-0.91, P<0.05). Heterogeneity was mainly due to follow-up time (I=62.7%) and time of probiotic supplementation (I=53.5%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and infancy helps to prevent atopic dermatitis in children, and mixed Lactobacillus-Bifidobacterium intervention has a better effect.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Pregnancy , Bifidobacterium , Dermatitis, Atopic , Lactobacillus , ProbioticsABSTRACT
The type and frequency of simple sequence repeats( SSRs) in the genomes was investigated using the DNA sequence data of Pueraria lobata and P. thomsonii. Based on these SSRs,20 pairs of SSR primers were designed and 5 high polymorphism primer pairs were selected to analyze genetic diversity of 9 cultivars of P. thomsonii in Jiangxi province. The results showed that the 5 pairs of primers could generate 16 polymorphic alleles bands. The average polymorphism information content( PIC) of each SSR primer pair was 0. 600 7.According to the genetic similarity coefficients,the 9 cultivars of P. thomsonii can be classified into 6 germplasms. This study established DNA identity cards with 5 pairs of SSR primers for different germplasm resources of P. thomsonii in Jiangxi province,which provided reference information for the selection of fine germplasms of P. thomsonii and the theoretical basis for the study of Dao-di herbs.
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China , DNA, Plant , Genetics , Genomics , Microsatellite Repeats , Polymorphism, Genetic , Pueraria , GeneticsABSTRACT
AIM To study the chemical constituents from the roots tuber of Aconitum ouvrardianum H..METHODS The ethyl acetate fraction of methy extract from A.ouvrardianum roots tuber was isolated and purified by silica,aluminium oxide column,Sephadex LH-20,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.RESULTS Eighteen compounds were isolated and identified as kongboendine (1),anisoezochasmaconitine (2),lipo-14-O-anisoylbikhaconine (3),franchetine (4),talatisamine (5),chasmanine (6),crassicauline A (7),chasmaconitine (8),14-dehydrotalatisamine (9),lipoindaconitine (10),indaconitine (11),yunaconitine (12),lipoyunaconitine (13),liljestrandisine (14),transconitine B (15),ouvrardiantine (16),atropurpursine (17),8-deacetylyunaconitine (18).CONCLUSION Compounds 1-4,9-10,13,15,17 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
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BACKGROUND: Patients with severe ankylosing kyphosis are often treated with orthopedic osteotomy, but with high surgical risk, treatment schemes are individualized, and the biological morphology and mechanical properties of the deformed spine are complex. Meanwhile, the finite element model is more adaptable for biomechanical analysis of the spinal deformity. However, its application in the treatment of ankylosing kyphosis in China was little reported.OBJECTIVE: To establish an ankylosing kyphosis finite element model so as to investigate the relationship between different osteotomy methods and the deformation and stress distribution of the spine.METHODS: A three-dimensional finite element model of ankylosing kyphosis was established, and then imported into ANASYS software, to simulate vertebral column decancellation and vertebral column resection at T12 and L1 levels,respectively. The vertebrae and screw were loaded with the same load, and deformation and stress nephograms were obtained.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The deformation of the osteotomy at T12 level was significantly larger than that at L1 level. (2) The stress distribution of the decancellation osteotomy concentrated on the pedicle screw and titanium bar; the stress concentration of vertebral column resection was the intervertebral cage. (3) Individualized surgical treatment of ankylosing kyphosis may influence the selection of the osteotomy segment and osteotomy operation. The osteotomy segment may affect the stability of the spine, and stress distribution of internal fixation is likely related to the method of internal fixation. (4) This conclusion may provide theoretical reference for the biomechanical study of analysing ankylosing kyphosis.
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Based on the "Zhong Guo Ben Cao Yao Ji Kao", Chinese herbalists in past dynasties were counted and analyzed by their living period,numbers and native places. Combined with GIS, the geographical distribution and the formation causes of the four distribution centers of herbalists in past dynasties were discussed. The results showed that, there was a greater difference between the numbers of herbalists in different periods of time, which achieved to the peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In addition, the distribution of herbalists in past dynasties characterized east more and west less, forming the distribution areas centered by Huizhou, Shanghai, Hangzhou and Suzhou. Besides, the geographical distributions of Chinese herbalists showed an obvious southward trend since the Song Dynasty.
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Objective:To explore the clinical effect of "Bian Que flying rescue" system for patients with chest pain in pre-hospital care.Methods:160 patients with acute chest pain were randomly divided into observation groups (80 cases) and control group (80 cases). The patients of observation group received the treatment of "Bian Que flying rescue" system and the patients of control group received the routine pre-hospital emergency measures. A series of indicators including the diagnosis time of pre-hospital, the time span between attack and beginning treatment, clinical curative effect, occurrence of complication and hospital stay time were compared and recorded.Results:The diagnosis time of pre-hospital, diagnosis time of intra-hospital and the time between attack and beginning treatment of observation group were significantly shortened, and the differences of these indicators between two groups were significant (t=14.095,t=9.997,t=4.230,P<0.05), respectively. The numbers of the attack of various complication of observation group were significantly reduced, and the differences of cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmia and myocardial infarction between the two groups were statistically significant (x2=10.230,x2=9.141, x2=5.223,x2=5.096,P<0.05).And the prognosis of observation group was significantly enhanced, and the number of die in one week was significantly reduced, and the differences of these indicators between the two groups were significantly(x2=12.172,P<0.05). Besides, the time of hospital stay and the total cost of hospital stay of observation group were, respectively, significantly shortened and decreased, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of observation group was significantly increased. And the differences of all of these indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(t=4.022,t=4.495,t=9.047,P<0.05).Conclusion: "Bian Que fling rescue" system which was applied in the first aid outside of hospital for patients with chest pain can significantly improve the success rate of rescue, and reduce case fatality rate and the occurrences of complications including congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock, and shorten the time of therapy, and increase economic efficiency of hospital. It has a certain clinical application value.
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Objective:To explore the clinical effect of "Bian Que flying rescue" system for patients with chest pain in pre-hospital care.Methods:160 patients with acute chest pain were randomly divided into observation groups (80 cases) and control group (80 cases). The patients of observation group received the treatment of "Bian Que flying rescue" system and the patients of control group received the routine pre-hospital emergency measures. A series of indicators including the diagnosis time of pre-hospital, the time span between attack and beginning treatment, clinical curative effect, occurrence of complication and hospital stay time were compared and recorded.Results:The diagnosis time of pre-hospital, diagnosis time of intra-hospital and the time between attack and beginning treatment of observation group were significantly shortened, and the differences of these indicators between two groups were significant (t=14.095,t=9.997,t=4.230,P<0.05), respectively. The numbers of the attack of various complication of observation group were significantly reduced, and the differences of cardiac failure, cardiogenic shock, malignant arrhythmia and myocardial infarction between the two groups were statistically significant (x2=10.230,x2=9.141, x2=5.223,x2=5.096,P<0.05).And the prognosis of observation group was significantly enhanced, and the number of die in one week was significantly reduced, and the differences of these indicators between the two groups were significantly(x2=12.172,P<0.05). Besides, the time of hospital stay and the total cost of hospital stay of observation group were, respectively, significantly shortened and decreased, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of observation group was significantly increased. And the differences of all of these indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(t=4.022,t=4.495,t=9.047,P<0.05).Conclusion: "Bian Que fling rescue" system which was applied in the first aid outside of hospital for patients with chest pain can significantly improve the success rate of rescue, and reduce case fatality rate and the occurrences of complications including congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock, and shorten the time of therapy, and increase economic efficiency of hospital. It has a certain clinical application value.
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The growth years of medicinal materials are closely related to their quality, and "Herb-chronology" has been used to determine the growth years of perennial dicotyledonous plants in recent years. On the basis of conventional paraffin section and freehand section, the anatomical study on roots of seven Sect. Paeonia species and main roots of cultivated Paeonia lactiflora was conducted in this paper. The results showed that, there existed some differences in microstructure of the seven species such as P. lactiflora, P. obovata, P. veitchii, P. mairei, P. anomala, P. sinjiangensis and P. anomala var. intermedia, and this could be used to distinguish different species. In the roots of seven Sect. Paeonia species, distinct growth rings were formed because that the different diameters or density of xylem vessels in the secondary xylem formed clusters and arranged interrupted rings in tangential direction. There were growth rings in the main roots of P. lactiflora cultivated 1-4 years in Siping, Jilin, which were all consistent with their growth years. Due to the similar growth characteristics between wild Sect. Paeonia species and cultivated P. lactiflora, the growth rings can provide a basis for the age identification and lay the foundation for the quality evaluation of Paeoniae Radix Rubra.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify potential mutations of the FLG gene in two Chinese families affected with ichthyosis vulgaris.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All coding exons and exon-intron boundary of the FLG gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and analyzed by direct sequencing. The results were compared with those of 100 unrelated healthy controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two novel missense mutations, c.1360A>G (p.T454A) and c.10363G>T (p.D3455Y), were detected in all affected individuals from family 1 and family 2 respectively but none of the controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The c.1360A>G (p.T454A) and c.10363G>T (p.D3455Y) of the FLG gene may lead to alteration of the structure and function of the FLG protein and cause ichthyosis vulgaris in the two families.</p>
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Female , Humans , Male , Asian People , Genetics , Base Sequence , China , DNA Mutational Analysis , Exons , Genetics , Family Health , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Ethnology , Genetics , Ichthyosis Vulgaris , Ethnology , Genetics , Intermediate Filament Proteins , Genetics , Introns , Genetics , Mutation, Missense , PedigreeABSTRACT
cerebral infarction as compare with patients at Grade 1-2 in both vascular locations, whereas the risk was not significantly increased in patients at Grade 3-4 in only one vascular location. Conclusions The simple method of assessing the degree of arterial atherosclerosis can be used to evaluate carotid artery and lower-extremity artery atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients with plaques or stenosis in both vascular locations were with a significantly increased risk of coronary heart disease or cerebral infarction if they were evaluated concurrently.
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Objective To explore the role of type Ⅶ collagen (COL7A1) gene in the pathogenesis of pretibial dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DDEB-Pt).Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a sporadic Chinese patient of Han nationality with DDEB-Pt,his parents and 100 healthy human controls.A modified salting-out method was used to extract genomic DNA from the blood samples,and PCR was performed to amplify 118 exons of the COL7A1 gene followed by DNA sequencing.Results A G→A mutation was identified at position 6109 (G6109A) in exon 78 of the COL7A1 gene in this patient,which caused a change from GCT to ACT at codon 2037 in the triple helix region,and resulted in the substitution of glycine (Gly) by arginine (Arg) (p.Gly2037Arg).Conclusion A novel glycine substitution mutation was identified in the COL7A1 gene in the patient with DDEB-Pt,which may be a pathogenic mutation.
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[Summary] Data from 1 589 consecutive inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from January 2012 to March 2015 were collected. The patients were divided into five groups according to the quintile of HbA1C . The association between serum uric acid ( SUA) and HbA1C was tested using a general linear model after adjusting for age, body mass index ( BMI) , systolic blood pressure, and creatinine. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the association between SUA and HbA1C in patients with HbA1C<9. 0% and HbA1C≥9. 0%, respectively. The results showed that BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, and the incidence of fatty liver were elevated with increased serum uric acid level. SUA was negatively associated with HbA1C level in inpatients with type 2 diabetes. However, SUA should be measured after glycemic control in men with HbA1C≥7. 0% and women with HbA1C≥9. 0%.
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Objective To investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of a progressive symmetric erythrokeratoderma (PSEK).Methods The clinical and genetic characteristics of a PSEK were compared and analyzed with clinical collection and review of 17 PSEK families reported in China since 1980.Results PSEK was consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance.PSEK had the feature with incomplete penetrance and variable expression.The clinical features included hyperkeratotic plaques with distinct border and strikingly symmetric distribution pattern on the extremities.Part of patients was extended to other areas of the body.The onset of the disease commonly started in infancy or childhood.The general health condition was not affected.PSEK might be associated with other clinical symptoms.The diseased potential increased in the family of consanguineous marriage.Conclusions PSEK has genetic heterogeneity.Its causative genes have not been determined.Further studies are needed.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) on neonatal complications in premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The registration information of 7684 preterm infants with gestational age <37 weeks were collected from the cooperative units in the task group between January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014. Specially trained personnel from each cooperative units filled in the unified form in a standardized format to record the gender, gestational age, birth weight, PROM, placental abruption, antenatal corticosteroid, Apgar score, amniotic fluid pollution, and complications of the infants. The data were analyzed comparatively between the cases with PROM and those without (control).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The preterm mortality rate was significantly lower but the incidences of ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly higher in PROM group than in the control group (P<0.05). The 95% confidence interval of the OR value was <1 for mortality, and was >1 for ICH, NEC, ROP and BPD. After adjustment for gestational age, birth weight, gender, mode of delivery, placental abruption, placenta previa, prenatal hormones, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), gestational period hypertension and 5-min Apgar score <7, the incidences of NEC, ROP and BPD were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05) with 95% confidence interval of OR value >1, but the mortality rate and incidence of ICH were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PROM is a risk factor for NEC, ROP and BPD in preterm infants, and adequate intervention of PROM can reduce the incidences of such complications as NEC, ROP and BPD in the infants.</p>
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Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Apgar Score , Birth Weight , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture , Pathology , Gestational Age , Incidence , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Infant, Premature , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is the main cause of failure following total joint arthroplasty. Until now, the diagnosis of PJI is still confronted with technical limitations, and the question of whether synovial fluid biomarker, C-reactive protein (CRP), can provide high value in the diagnosis of PJI remains unanswered and, therefore, was the aim of the study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>First, we conducted a systematic review on CRP in the diagnosis of PJI by searching online databases using keywords such as "periprosthetic joint infection", "synovial fluid", and "C-reactive protein". Eligible studies providing sufficient data to construct 2 × 2 contingency tables were then selected based on the list of criteria and the quality of included studies was assessed subsequently. Finally, the reported sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, and the area under the SROC (AUSROC) were pooled together and used to evaluate overall diagnostic performance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven studies were included in our review, six of which comprising a total of 456 participants were further investigated in our meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR were 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86-0.96), 0.90 (95% CI: 0.87-0.93), and 101.40 (95% CI: 48.07-213.93), respectively. The AUSROC was 0.9663 (standard error, 0.0113).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Synovial fluid CRP is a good biomarker for the diagnosis of PJI with high sensitivity and specificity.</p>